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KNIGHT'S CROSS OF THE ORDER OF SAINT GREGORY THE GREAT, ORDER OF THE HOLY SEE, MILITARY TITLE, second type. Second half of the 19th century. 32260-2

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KNIGHT'S CROSS OF THE ORDER OF SAINT GREGORY THE GREAT, ORDER OF THE HOLY SEE, MILITARY TITLE, second type. Second half of the 19th century. 32260-2

Cross with five double-rayed arms with scarlet enamel balls. Blue enameled gold centers: obverse featuring the effigy of Saint Gregory with a gold scroll marked "ST GREGORIUS MAGNUS"; reverse bearing the inscription "PRO DEO ET PRINCIPE" with a gold scroll marked "GREGORIUS XVI P. M. ANNO 1". Ø 4.2 cm.
Cross surmounted by an articulated trophy of arms in gilded metal.
Total height 6.3 cm.

Decoration accompanied by a printed diploma completed in manuscript:
"Circle of the Occupation Division / IN ROME / ENTRY TICKET / valid for EIGHT days".
"Mr. Riper de MOonclar.
Presented by Captain Laporte, 10th B Bon (battalion) of Chasseurs."
"Rome, 17th September 1853."
Signed "THE PRESIDENT Bruno."
Ink stamp "Circle / of the Division / of occupation."

France.
Holy See of Italy, Second half of the 19th century.
Good condition, chips and losses to the enamel at the center of the reverse.

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND:
Created by Pope Gregory XVI on 1/9/1831, this Order was originally intended to honor citizens of the Papal States as well as foreigners who participated in the defense of these States. There are two models that differ by the motif surmounting the cross: a military model (on the left) featuring an old-style trophy of arms and a civil model (on the right) consisting of a crown of olive branches. This Order has four classes (Knight, Commander, Commander with a breast star, and Grand Cross).
This order was awarded on a military basis to officers of the French expeditionary forces (1849 and 1869) that relieved Rome, which was occupied by the Garibaldians, as well as to officers of the Papal troops who defended the Papal States from 1830 to 1870.
Rewarded merits: service to the Church, exceptional works, support for the Holy See, outstanding reputation within a community or country
Famous recipients: Marshal Lyautey, Jean-Luc Marion, Édouard Branly, G.K. Chesterton, Roy E. Disney (nephew of Walt Disney), Bob Hope
Current number of recipients: 17,000
Reference : 32260-2
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